14. Attenuation: -

The decrease in signal strength along an electrical or optical cable.

13. Asynchronous transmission mode:-

Term describing digital signals that are transmitted without precise clocking. Such signals generally have different frequencies and phase relationships. Asynchronous transmissions usually encapsulate individual characters in control bits (called start and stop bits) that designate the beginning and end of each character.

12. ARP table:-

A cache in which a device keeps a table of MAC addresses and their associated layer 3 address.

11. ARP poisoning:-

The sending of fake ARP messages to an Ethernet LAN. These frames contain false MAC addresses that "confuse" network devices, such as switches. As a result frames intended for one node can be mistakenly sent to another node. Also known as ARP spoofing.

10. ARP cache:-

Storage of ARP entries that show MAC address and the associated IP address.

9. ARP:-

Address Resolution Protocol. A host wishing to discover another host's MAC address broadcasts an ARP request onto the network. The host on the network that has the IP address in the request then replies with its MAC address.

8. Applications:-

A complete software program designed for end users.